Seasonal Japanese Sweets (Summer)


There are many Japanese sweets made in the image of seasons, because Japan has four seasons and the Japanese are sensitive to the change of them.
All the summer Japanese sweets look so cool. Probably because summer is the hottest season of the year, so Japanese wanted the only sweets to look cool. The Japanese sweets which look so cool are mizu-yokan, hakuro and mizubotan, for example. Mizu-yokan is a type of yokan (azuki bean jelly), containing less agar and more water. In summer, they chill and then eat it. Hakuro is made from Japanese yam and shiroan (white bean paste) and so on. The white color of it looks so cool. And mizubotan is made from agar and shiroan which contains dried plum pulp. It looks cool and tastes sour, so it is very preferably eated during summer.

Mizubotan
(http://baigetsu.hamazo.tv/e2186961.html)


And there are many Japanese sweets related to the traditional events in summer (June, July and August). The events and its sweets are follows.

*July*


<tanabata>
Tanabata is the star festival on July 7. They decorate bamboos with colored papers and tanzaku. Tanzaku is long, narrow strips of colored papers and they write their wishes on it. The festival was originally Chinese old festival to plead for good harvest and improving skills. People considered two white stars, Hikoboshi (Altair of Aquila) and Orihime (Vega of Lyra), as the god of agriculture and the god of sericulture, dyeing and weaving, so worship them. In Japan, the festival started as the court event during the Nara period (710~794). According the records written in the Heian period (794~1185), the aspect of pleasure was more emphasized. And it is said that seven plays come to enjoy in the Muromachi period; poetry contest, kemari (Japanese ancient football), go (board game of capturing territory), hana (flower arrangement), kaiawase (Japanese pelmanism with clamshells), yokyu (target practicing game) and ko (incense-smelling ceremony).
By the way, there are many legends related to tanabata around the world. In Japan, the most famous legend among them is the sad love story with orihime and hikoboshi as follows.

Orihime is the daughter of Emperor Tentei. She is a skilled weaver who creates masterful textiles for her father's garments. When it comes to marry, Tentei introduces her to Hikoboshi, a shepherd. Their marriage is so blissful that she begins to neglect her weaving.
Tentei becomes angered by her neglect and banishes them to opposite ends of the galaxy. But her grief is so great that Tentei, her father, finally permits her to be transported by a boatman (the moon) across the river Amanogawa (the Milky Way) to rendezous with Hikoboshi once a year, on July 7 (on the lunar calendar). If it rains on this date, the boatman doesn't appear. Instead, a flock of crows (or magpies) forms a bridge which she walks over.

Around the tanabata season, many Japanese sweets imaged tanabata are sold. All of them is very fantastic and beautiful. Their names are also beautiful.

Amanogawa (the Milky Way)
(http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/aireisenn/25868490.html)

Seasonal Japanese Sweets (Spring)


There are many Japanese sweets made in the image of seasons, because Japan has four seasons and the Japanese are sensitive to the change of them.
In the seasonal Japanese sweets imaged spring, there are many kinds of them imaged cherry blossoms especially. In addition to this, there are various motifs associated with spring; Japanese apricot, new bamboo shoot which come into bud in spring and so on.

(http://doron.allabout.co.jp/s/060215/)


And there are many Japanese sweets related to the traditional events in spring (March, April and May). The events and its sweets are follows.

*March*

<hina-matsuri >
Hina-matsuri is the dolls' festival on March 3rd. They display hina dolls centering around the doll representing the emperor called obina, and the doll representing the empress called mebina with peach flowers, and enjoy eating and drinking shirozake (sweet white sake). This festival combines playing with the hina dolls and exorcism introduced from China. In the past, they wrote their own birthdays on paper dolls on March 3rd. And they made them their own scapegoats, then, in the evening, they floated them down rivers as they prayed for health. Some Japanese sweets are used as the offerings. For example, uguisu-mochi, sakura-mochi, hishi-mochi and so on. Uguisu-mochi is lapped by gyuhi and shaped like an uguisu (Japanese bush warbler).

(http://www.azabu-aono.com/gift/winter.html)

*May*

<the iris festival>
In the iris festival on May 5, they practice exorcism and avoidance of bad luck with iris and wormwood. Some Japanese sweets have been ate as a celebratory sweets on the day. For example, kashiwa-mochi, chimaki and so on. Kashiwa-mochi is a rice cake wrapped in an oak leaf. By the way, the oak tree have a rare nature. The old leaves never fall before new burgeons have roots in the tree. So it spread as a bringer of good luck which inspired the idea that family line never fails. Chimaki is a rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves. It is said that the custom to eat chimaki on the day is originated from the fact that Qu Yuan, the Chinese patriot poet, died on May 5 and people who loved and respected him threw chimaki into the Miluo river where he jumped into, in order to calm down his soul and as bait for fish so the fish would not eat his body.

What's "Kamei"?


In the middle of the Edo period, many artistic fields' activities became active, especially the Rinpa group including Korin Ogata. And then the cultural salon centered on them was formed. They valued artistic quality in the Heian dynasty period there. And Japanese sweets also came to make under the new aesthetic values. In that time, many Japanese sweets catalogs with illustrations appeared. Therefore it became common that not only their tastes and but also their appearances were enjoyed. And eventually they also enjoyed the sounds of the name Japanese sweets. They named after various Japanese classic dynastic styled literature; "Genji Monogatari (the Tale of Genji), "Kokin Wakashu (A Collection of Ancient and Modern Japanese Poetry) and so on. The kamei is the elegant names which named like this and it is very euphonious. In the kamei, the names which named after the emperors of Japan, court nobles and imperial families especially are the onmei.


As follows, the kamei is classified by what they named after. In addition to those, there are various classifies by Chinese classic literature, titles of noh songs daily commodities or clothing.


*plants*

For example, kankobai and natane-no-sato and so on. Kankobai is a kind of the name by ume trees, and blooms in the biting wind. Natane-no-sato is the name based on rape blossoms.

 Kankobai
(http://outdoor.geocities.jp/hpmonda/hanajyouhou_2010.html)

 Kankobai (Japanese sweet)
(http://moroeya.co.jp/archives/11)


 *animals*

For example, uzura-mochi and kujira-mochi. Uzura is quail, thickset bird and kujira is whale. These sweets are similar to quail and whale each other in the shape. And mochi means rice cake.

 Uzura
(http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A9)

Uzura-mochi
(http://blog.livedoor.jp/kikyou0123/archives/51136328.html)


*natural phenomena*

For example, harugasumi and usugori. Harugasumi means spring mist and usugori means thin ice originally. These sweets named by liking to those natural phenomena.

Harugasumi
(http://ayaya55a.exblog.jp/8445267/)

Usugori
(http://blog.goo.ne.jp/terumomo1955/e/4306d17911756638d8f590dbf25451a6)


*ingredients and recipes* 

For example, kuri-yokan and yuzu-manju. Kuri means chestnuts and yuzu means small citrus fruit originally. And yokan is  bars of sweet jellied azuki-bean paste, manju is buns with bean‐jam filling.

*sights*

For example, arashiyama and takao. Both Arashiyama and Takao is the famous sights of Kyoto.

*the famous persons' names*


For example, rikyu-manju and oribe-manju. Rikyu is the great tea master, Sen-no-Rikyu. Oribe is Japanese military commander who loves the tea ceremony.


*scenes*

For example, miyako-no-haru and hatsuhinode. Originally, miyako-no-haru means the spring in the city and hatsuhinode means the first sunrise of the year.